HomeMy WebLinkAbout10/26/2016 Planning Committee minutes MINUTES
PLANNING COMMITTEE
October 26, 2016
A meeting of the Planning Committee of the County of Kaua`i, State of
Hawaii, was called to order by Mason K. Chock, Chair, at the Council Chambers,
4396 Rice Street, Suite 201, Lihu`e, Kauai, on Wednesday, October 26, 2016, at
8:31 a.m., after which the following Members answered the call of the roll:
Honorable Gary L. Hooser
Honorable Ross Kagawa
Honorable Arryl Kaneshiro
Honorable KipuKai Kuali`i (present at 8:39 a.m.)
Honorable Mason K. Chock
Honorable JoAnn A. Yukimura, Ex-Officio Member
Honorable Mel Rapozo, Ex-Officio Member
The Committee proceeded on its agenda item as follows:
Bill No. 2634 A BILL FOR AN ORDINANCE TO AMEND CHAPTER 8,
KAUAI COUNTY CODE 1987, AS AMENDED, TO ALLOW
MULTIPLE FAMILY DWELLING UNITS IN ALL
RESIDENTIAL ZONING DISTRICTS (Kaua`i County Council,
Applicant) (This item was Deferred.)
Councilmember Kagawa moved to approve Bill No. 2634, seconded by
Councilmember Kaneshiro.
Committee Chair Chock: A motion to approve is on the table.
Councilmember Hooser moved to amend Bill No. 2634 as circulated, as shown
in the Floor Amendment, which is attached hereto as Attachment 1, seconded
by Councilmember Kaneshiro.
Committee Chair Chock: Thank you.
Councilmember Hooser: This is an amendment that was suggested by
Councilmember Yukimura, and as she is not on the Committee, I am happy to
introduce it for her.
Committee Chair Chock: Councilmember Yukimura, do you want to
explain the amendment?
Councilmember Yukimura: Thank you. At the end of our last Committee
Meeting, I offered to work on a possible amendment given the concerns that were
raised during our discussion. I think we were mainly concerned about the impact of
multi-family units in low density neighborhoods and how they might be
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 2 OCTOBER 26, 2016
well-integrated rather than cause issues. We were somewhat concerned about
aesthetics and form, so with the help of Yvette Sahut from our staff, we have looked
at the possibility—with this amendment, projects that are in areas zoned R-1
through R-6 where form-based codes have not been adopted are limited to twelve
(12) attached multi-family units. This is put forth basically, as a framework for
considering amendments. We could change the twelve (12) units to fifteen (15) or
thirty (30), depending on what we think is appropriate. At our last Committee
Meeting, we learned that at fifty (50) units, there is a trigger for additional review.
Right now, this Bill would allow or outright permit this attached multi-family
format to happen. The concern seemed to be centered around the low density
places. Thank you to the Planning Department, for they have been looking at this
amendment. With your permission, Committee Chair Chock, can we have them
come forward to give their insights and concerns about the amendment?
Committee Chair Chock: Are there any initial questions for the
introducer? Councilmember Kaneshiro.
Councilmember Kaneshiro: Just to understand the amendment, if you
are building thirteen (13) or fourteen (14) units, then is it still not possible?
Councilmember Yukimura: It would maybe take a Use Permit.
Committee Chair Chock: Yes, anything after twelve (12) units.
Councilmember Yukimura: It would not be possible as an outright
permitted use. The intention is that there would be some other level of scrutiny.
Council Chair Rapozo: I have a clarification question.
Committee Chair Chock: Council Chair Rapozo has a question for
clarification.
Councilmember Kaneshiro: I am not seeing that.
Council Chair Rapozo: No, go ahead.
Committee Chair Chock: I am sorry.
Councilmember Kaneshiro: The one you are changing is the one that just
said that if you have a multi-family or single-family attached dwellings, then you
are permitted to do it, and you basically put a limit on it. I guess I just need
clarification on that.
Councilmember Yukimura: I see what you are saying, that the way it is
written right now, it is outright denied.
Councilmember Kaneshiro: If you have thirteen (13) or fourteen (14)
units.
Councilmember Yukimura: Yes.
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 3 OCTOBER 26, 2016
Committee Chair Chock: And that is it.
Councilmember Yukimura: We could change the limit if you want
thirteen (13) or fourteen (14), or twenty (20) units. We could change the number
twelve (12). I just put it out as a marking point to start with.
Committee Chair Chock: There is a clarification question here, and
then Councilmember Hooser.
Council Chair Rapozo: That is the same concern I have. Right now,
you would be outright prohibited, meaning no Use Permit. You would have to
create another section...
Councilmember Yukimura: We could.
Council Chair Rapozo: ...to address that and then put a "U" in the
block.
Councilmember Yukimura: Yes.
Council Chair Rapozo: That would allow for a Use Permit. Right
now, it does not allow for a Use Permit.
Councilmember Yukimura: And it is very difficult to make amendments
in a chart form. That is why we had to almost invent the "Not Applicable (NA)"
because we want it to apply in R-10 and R-20 districts. If we did this row system
without the "NA," then it would mean that it is not allowed in R-10 and R-20 either.
I find it really awkward to do a law by chart, but acquiescing to a chart format, this
is what we tried. Yes, if you want to do a Use Permit, you are right, Council Chair
Rapozo, we would probably have to do another row with a "U."
Committee Chair Chock: Councilmember Hooser.
Councilmember Hooser: That was the same question or point that I
had.
Committee Chair Chock: Why do we not have the Planning
Department come up and they can clarify this further?
There being no objections, the rules were suspended.
Committee Chair Chock: Good morning, Ka aina.
KA`AINA S. HULL, Deputy Planning Director: Good morning,
Committee Chair Chock and Members of the Council, Kaaina Hull, on behalf of the
Planning Department.
Committee Chair Chock: Council Vice Chair Kagawa.
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 4 OCTOBER 26, 2016
Councilmember Kagawa: Ka aina, plain and simple, what is the
difference between the Bill without the amendment and with the amendment?
What are the changes and what is the amendment trying to change?
Mr. Hull: The original Bill without the amendment is
essentially allowing multi-family unit construction in all residential zoning
districts, period. They would be able to take advantage of the option. The proposed
amendment would, in effect, allow multi-family construction in the R-6 zoning
designation and below, not to exceed twelve (12) units. As correctly addressed in
the earlier discussion, anything more than twelve (12) under the way it is proposed,
would be prohibited.
Councilmember Kagawa: If a person had a single-family home and
wanted to do a multi-family dwelling, but could not because of the fifty percent
(50%) lot coverage restriction or what have you, would they not be able to do it
under the amendment?
Mr. Hull: Under the proposed amendment, if you are
looking at those smaller lots that would only qualify for two (2) or maybe three (3)
units, they would still be able to construct a multi-family unit.
Councilmember Kagawa: The amendment affects under...
Mr. Hull: Essentially under twelve (12) units.
Councilmember Kagawa: It does not affect under twelve (12) units, but
it does over twelve (12)?
Mr. Hull: Exactly, yes.
Councilmember Kagawa: The amendment disallows that?
Mr. Hull: Correct.
Councilmember Kagawa: Okay. Thank you.
Committee Chair Chock: We have a follow-up here.
(Councilmember Kuali`i was noted as present.)
Councilmember Kaneshiro: I think it also says "where form-based codes
have not been adopted."
Mr. Hull: Yes, it does state that. I had a discussion
with Councilmember Yukimura earlier, that the Department would strongly advise
that that language not be included. That is just because if a form-based code is
adopted in one of the community plans, it would ultimately supersede or override
this chart, and in fact, that has already happened with the South Kauai
Community Plan. The form-based code and the respective transects have overlaid
R-4 and R-6 designations, and they allow for duplexes and apartment type of units
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 5 OCTOBER 26, 2016
being constructed in what is R-4 and R-6, therefore, it automatically overrides it. Is
it conflictual with other laws? No, it is not. It is just having that statement is not
only unnecessary, but can be hard to interpret.
Committee Chair Chock: Council Chair Rapozo.
Council Chair Rapozo: Thank you. How many communities have
adopted form-based codes?
Mr. Hull: Only one (1) at this time.
Council Chair Rapozo: Okay. Now, what happens to any
community that does not have adopted form-based codes? Would this apply?
Mr. Hull: That would not apply.
Council Chair Rapozo: Then what?
Councilmember Yukimura: Then it is limited.
Mr. Hull: Under the proposed amendment, it would be
limited to twelve (12) units.
Councilmember Yukimura: May I?
Council Chair Rapozo: It says, "Multiple family..."—this is what is
permitted, "Multiple family and single family attached dwellings where form-based
codes have been adopted as part of the community plan or the project..."—or the
project, I see. Okay. Now, if someone has a three (3) acre parcel, R-6, and they
wanted to build a fourteen (14) unit, then they would not be able to do that?
Mr. Hull: No, they would not.
Council Chair Rapozo: Unless the form-based codes...
Mr. Hull: Have been adopted.
Council Chair Rapozo: ...adopted it and allowed it?
Mr. Hull: Yes.
Council Chair Rapozo: Okay. Thank you.
Committee Chair Chock: Councilmember Yukimura.
Councilmember Yukimura: Where would you find a three (3) acre parcel
in an R-6? I guess you could in an R-1, but a three (3) acre parcel would only allow
three (3) units in R-1. I do not know if you are unduly restricting those areas. It is
only if you are in an R-6, then a three (3) acre parcel would allow eighteen (18)
units. I know the Planning Department has been looking to see where there might
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 6 OCTOBER 26, 2016
be those large lots that have that kind of zoning, and I do not know if all of the data
is in right now, but that would help us determine how many would be affected by
this proposal or how many neighbors in an R-6 would be affected by an
eighteen (18) unit multi-family dwelling. Those are our concerns.
I just wanted to say something about the form-based code, that actually what
Ka aina said is already done without this language regarding form-based code. My
concern is just notice to members of the public who are reading the law and how we
assist them in navigating the law. I suggested, and maybe it is not for this Bill, but
that in the chapter that includes this table, it clearly says "if your property in a
form-based code area, then go to this section, not to this chart" to help them
navigate, and that would then take care of this, too, with this particular language.
Committee Chair Chock: Okay. Councilmember Kaneshiro.
Councilmember Kaneshiro: Ka`aina, is it counterproductive that we are
in a housing crisis, we are trying to make it easier for people to build, simplify it a
little bit, allow people that did not have their property...I think there was a
limitation for any property recorded prior to 1980, which was before I was born. For
the past thirty-five (35) years, no one could do it. This Bill is trying to make it
easier and allow people to do it. Is it counterproductive to then say, "Yes, let us
make it easier and then let us restrict how many they can build?"
Mr. Hull: At the end of the day, in analyzing the
original Bill and the intent of it, the Department is in complete agreement just
because of the fact that we have been looking at the housing crisis that we are in
the midst of and we know that multi-family construction is not only cheaper, but is
particularly aimed in general purchases to our local families. There was a
Department of Business, Economic Development & Tourism (DBEDT) study
commissioned back in 2014 on Kaua`i's housing inventory, and it addresses the fact
that multi-family construction units average out at about three hundred twenty
thousand dollars ($320,000) on a sale. Single-family construction units averages
out to about five hundred twenty thousand dollars ($520,000). The online rental
rates of multi-family units during the time of that study were coming in at about
one thousand three hundred dollars ($1,300) and one thousand nine hundred
dollars ($1,900) for single-family units. Multi-family construction is cheaper and is
aimed at the local families. When you take that scenario and pair it with the fact
that for the past thirty-five (35) years we have a prohibition on multi-family
construction in the vast majority of our residentially zoned lands, about ten
percent (10%) of our residentially zoned lands can take advantage of multi-family
construction. Ninety percent (90%) of our residentially zoned lands cannot take
advantage of a type of construction that generates cheaper rents, cheaper sales, and
is aimed at local families. The attempt to at least take away that prohibition is the
first step we need to begin addressing and accepting the fact that some of our
regulations are pricing local families off of this island.
Committee Chair Chock: Council Chair Rapozo.
Council Chair Rapozo: It is kind of a related question.
Councilmember Kuali`i and myself have been meeting with the Housing Agency to
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 7 OCTOBER 26, 2016
try to identify some parcels on County land to possibly create some multi-family
units. I am now wondering because the zoning may be smaller or R-4, but you
would obviously get the most "bang for your buck" if you put more units.
Mr. Hull: Yes.
Council Chair Rapozo: I am wondering if this may impair the
County's efforts. It seemed like a good thing, but now that the questions are coming
up, I am thinking if it would impair the County's efforts in affordable housing when
we have smaller plots of land and not the big three (3), four (4), or five (5) acres. It
is smaller areas where we may just be limited and then it is not going to be cost-
effective to build. Is that...
Mr. Hull: It depends on the partnership that the
County Housing Agency would take with a developer. All of the partnerships are
done in order to build those types of housing units. If the Housing Agency is able to
sign-on as a co-applicant, they can actually apply for what is called a "project
development" in which you can waive virtually every standard.
Council Chair Rapozo: Okay.
Mr. Hull: But if for some reason the County Housing
Agency is not able to sign-on with the developer as a co-applicant, although it
provided the land, they agree with the proposals, and will ease the burdens, then
this indeed would restrict and prevent that developer from doing some types of
housing.
Council Chair Rapozo: Yes. I do not envision too many developers
coming in on their own to develop affordable housing because that is just not going
to happen. But the partnerships such as Kalepa Village, Rice Camp, and all of that,
the project development would resolve that problem?
Mr. Hull: Yes.
Council Chair Rapozo: Okay. Thank you.
Committee Chair Chock: Councilmember Yukimura.
Councilmember Yukimura: Ka aina, I do not disagree with the main
intention of this law. My question is, how much of the essence of the law is going to
be affected by this restriction that just tries to make sure we integrate large parcels
that are going to be developed in small areas? This amendment is trying to achieve
the goals of the Bill without unintended consequences that come back to bite us
afterwards.
Mr. Hull: I think there is definitely some credit to the
fact that form and massing can be an impact. The overall impact on infrastructure,
population, noise, parking, or what have you...regardless of it being a twelve (12)
unit complex or twelve (12) separate single-family dwellings, in fact, with the
twelve (12) unit complex, the more you bring it together, the less impacts it has on
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 8 OCTOBER 26, 2016
infrastructure. There is still the same amount of people living there, but there
could potentially be the form and character impact. It is hard to really address that
because of the fact the matter is by mandating that you cannot have a certain
amount of units above a certain number could limit the ability of a landowner or
developer from putting them all together to provide open space on the rest of the
property. It would prevent them from providing a larger park area, or there are
some communities coming up in other areas of the Country where they are
providing farming activities for the tenants or people living in the apartment
complex. Restricting and saying that they have to actually spread these things out,
could prevent them from doing that as well.
Councilmember Yukimura: Well, if it is a Use Permit process, at least
there is some scrutiny. You can still possibly get to that end because we are not just
thinking about the landowner. We are thinking about the neighbors and the
neighborhood. Form and character do affect it. We are not just affecting the
project, we are talking about how it is affecting the surrounding community and
neighborhood.
Mr. Hull: Yes. I would not encourage the Council to go
down a path of a Use Permit to go above and beyond a certain number just because
Use Permits are geared towards those types of uses that are not generally
permissible in a particular zoning designation.
Councilmember Yukimura: Well, this is not permitted right now.
Mr. Hull: Well, the density is not, but the use is.
Residentially zoned lands are for residential uses.
Councilmember Yukimura: Right.
Mr. Hull: If you are going to go down the realm of
saying that you have to have a public hearing at a certain level, it would probably
be more appropriate to approach it from the Class IV Zoning Permit level as
opposed to the Use Permit level, just because a Class IV Zoning Permit level, as it is
currently imposed on fifty (50) units or more specifically deals with the design of a
particular set of structures as opposed to the use, which the use is what this zoning
district is set to do.
Councilmember Yukimura: Okay, that is fine. The reason for this
amendment is that we do not know because we do not have the data of how many
parcels and how many neighborhoods would be affected by this. It is kind of a way
of starting slowly, especially allowing the one (1), two (2), and three (3) unit projects
to move ahead, which we believe are the bulk of this Bill. We are not stopping any
of that by putting this limitation. Then, if people come forward and say, "Hey, I
want to build, I am limited here, and what I am going to do is not going to affect the
form and character of the neighborhood," then we can further allow it. But right
now without knowing the impacts, it is kind of a safety thing to go slowly but move
ahead.
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 9 OCTOBER 26, 2016
I just want to ask about your figures about multi-family construction being
cheaper. I believe that is true at the smaller unit level. I think when it comes to
twenty (20) or so units, I know that three (3) stories will cause more problems or
actually, more costs. I hear it will be more expensive. I want to ask you if your
figures apply to larger numbers in terms of saying that multi-family construction is
cheaper because with my Affordable Housing Advisory Committee, that is not the
feedback that I am getting.
Mr. Hull: I can say that is just my recollection of the
DBEDT study that was commissioned a year or two (2) ago concerning housing. I
would have to go back to the study itself to see exactly what projects that study was
taking into account. I do recall the study also pointing out that there has not been a
single multi-family project on Kaua`i since 2010.
Councilmember Yukimura: That is not true. We have Pa'anau Village
Apartments and Kalepa Village Apartments. We have been doing those projects.
Mr. Hull: The study was done in 2014. I am just
saying that in the four (4) years since 2010, nothing had actually been constructed.
Councilmember Yukimura: Well, 2008 was the crash.
Mr. Hull: Yes.
Councilmember Yukimura: There was almost no construction going on
anywhere, except really expensive single-family country estates.
Mr. Hull: Yes, that is the predominant type of
development that we are seeing. In discussions with the Housing Agency, the
private sector, the developers, and the Board of Realtors, we understand that for
the most part, multi-family unit construction is cheaper and is aimed a local
families, yet, there is very little desire to do so because of the return on investment
on it. We were trying to look and see how we can get these people to build the
multi-family units as opposed to looking at the fact of the matter that on the
market, it is far more lucrative to invest in a large scale single-family house that
would be put on the market for the second homebuyer from another place.
Councilmember Yukimura: And that is...
Mr. Hull: So trying to bring these people to the table to
see how we can get to construct is one (1) issue that we are having, but above and
before we even address that, we have to take the prohibition away.
Councilmember Yukimura: That is why I support the basic thrust. Can
you please make the DBEDT study available to us?
Mr. Hull: Yes.
Councilmember Yukimura: Thank you.
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 10 OCTOBER 26, 2016
Committee Chair Chock: Councilmember Hooser.
Councilmember Hooser: Good morning. I did not think there was a
prohibition. I thought it just required a Use Permit.
Mr. Hull: No, it is a prohibition.
Councilmember Hooser: Today?
Mr. Hull: Today.
Councilmember Hooser: Under today's law?
Mr. Hull: Today's law, yes.
Councilmember Hooser: Okay. It seems like the conversation we had
the last time we talked about it, there was a Use Permit. I had asked how many
people had applied for a Use Permit, and no one had applied.
Mr. Hull: Yes, that is because they cannot apply.
Councilmember Hooser: Okay.
Mr. Hull: Currently, the way you have to read this
chart is it will either have a "U," "P," or be blank. "U" means a Use Permit, "P"
means outright permitted, and a blank means there is an outright prohibition on it.
There are some cases with those lots that were created prior to 1980 that still can,
but for any of those lots subsequent to 1980, it is a prohibition.
Councilmember Hooser: Okay, so you can do a Use Permit for lots
created prior to 1980?
Mr. Hull: Hold on a second.
Councilmember Hooser: My recollection of the last discussion was
that Use Permits were...
Mr. Hull: Yes, you can do a Use Permit for those lots
prior to 1980, and anything after 1980, is an outright prohibition.
Councilmember Hooser: Okay. You mentioned that most multi-
family units are used for local residents, but when I think about the Koloa, Po`ipu,
or Princeville areas, I do not think that is the case in those particular geographical
areas. It seems like most of the residential in Po`ipu...
Mr. Hull: When you look at the type of development in
the market schemes that have been going on today...
Councilmember Hooser: ...most of those would seem to be a vacation
rental-type issues. Is that correct?
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 11 OCTOBER 26, 2016
Mr. Hull: No. I would be in agreement that
traditionally back in the 1960s, 1970s, and even up to the 1980s, it was very
standard for transient vacation or resort types of development to take on the
condominium type of development regime. We can see in the past ten (10) to
fifteen (15) years that the development regime within the second home or the
transient accommodation market is very different now. It is much more geared at
the large-scale single-family dwellings and, in fact, the vast majority of the
development currently occurring in the Po`ipu area, which is arguably the most
exploding types of transient accommodations and/or second housing markets.
Those developers are not even taking advantage of their full density. They are not
building out to full capacity because it is far more lucrative on the market to go
after the five thousand (5,000) or six thousand (6,000) square foot mansion on a
larger property as opposed to putting in multi-family units and in particular,
multi-family units that are connected together. I am in agreement that previously
and for several years back in the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s that was a development
pattern that happened, but that is not the way that development patterns are
occurring today.
Councilmember Hooser: Right. I guess the only place I see local
residents in multi-family homes would primarily be in Kapa'a and Lihu`e.
Mr. Hull: No, there is a fairly large multi-family unit
development in Koloa on the south shore.
Councilmember Hooser: Right, Pa'anau Village Apartments. I am in
support of the "crawl, walk, run" and not just jump in one hundred percent (100%).
As a compromise, we could allow units exceeding twelve (12) with a Use Permit?
That would be one (1) path we could take which would still allow them to go
through. With the Use Permit, is it possible to deny the permit?
Mr. Hull: Correct.
Councilmember Hooser: With the Class IV Zoning Permit, is it also
possible to deny?
Mr. Hull: Yes.
Councilmember Hooser: This might be for the County Attorney, and I
do not know if we want to do that now or not, but if this Bill passes into law, do we
create additional entitlements for landowners?
Mr. Hull: No.
Councilmember Hooser: We expand their ability of use of the
property. We give them value that they do not have now, which I would say is an
entitlement. My. question is, if there are unintended consequences and we decided
to change it later, is that a taking as opposed to putting a sunset on something?
Mr. Hull: No because if you decide to change it, you
would be putting it back to what it essentially was. Back in 1980, a prohibition was
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 12 OCTOBER 26, 2016
put. Previously, the landowner could utilize the option of construction multi-family
dwelling units prior to 1980. In 1980, the Council came in and said, "No. We are
going to prohibit allowing this type of construction in these residential areas,"
therefore you are just returning it back to what it originally was.
Councilmember Hooser: Okay. I guess I can ask the County Attorney
when we are done with the Planning Department. Thank you.
Committee Chair Chock: Councilmember Kaneshiro, followed by
Councilmember Kagawa.
Councilmember Kaneshiro: We are hearing words such as "entitlement,"
"extra value," "impacts," and "unknowns," but the fact of the matter is these
properties are already zoned to build single-family units. They can go and build a
single-family unit, they can build forty (40) single-family units, or they can build
fourteen (14) single-family units on this property and all this Bill is allowing is for
them to combine them if they want. What does this do? Basically, if somebody can
build sixteen (16) units, they are going to build sixteen (16) single-family units
because they are prohibited to build more than that in multi-family units. What is
the difference? They are already able to build. We are not increasing density. The
decision they are going to make is, does this Bill hinder me from building multi-
family units or do I just go and build the single-family unit, which is am already
approved to do?
Mr. Hull: Yes, there is no difference aside from the fact
that it allows the units to be next to each other.
Committee Chair Chock: Councilmember Kagawa.
Councilmember Kagawa: Councilmember Yukimura talked about
working with the Planning Department to come up with this amendment and I am
kind of confused because you just said that you would prefer consistency with
zoning, which is in the original Bill. If it is Residential, you have a consistent way
of treating all residential properties. This amendment seems to try and pass
legislation based on a fear of some unknown consequence. She has not said what
subdivision could be impacted negatively given that. It is just fear of the unknown
that someone will get hurt. I cannot see passing an amendment with a fear of the
unknown. What is the Planning Department's recommendation, approve or deny
this amendment, and for what reason? Do you believe in the fear of the unknown as
well?
Mr. Hull: Concerning the first part of the language
concerning form-based code, I can recommend that should not be included in the
proposal. As far as the twelve (12) units, I cannot officially state a recommendation
on the floor. I can say we have concerns with it, but I would not be able to state an
official recommendation at this time.
Councilmember Kagawa: As Councilmember Hooser pointed out, there
may be some negative impacts based on the overall bill. Some people may not want
their neighbor to have two (2) houses attached together instead of having it
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 13 OCTOBER 26, 2016
separate as our current law allows. Yes, there may be disagreement individually by
a neighbor not wanting it, but it does not matter whether it is more than twelve (12)
or one (1). There may be dissatisfaction. It is just either you are for allowing
options for the public or not, right?
Mr. Hull: Yes.
Councilmember Kagawa: I do not think we should be passing
amendments based on fears of individual opinions or what have you. We should
have amendments based on what is actually out there and prove to me negative
impacts? I do not see that in that amendment. I am surprised that the Planning
Department has worked on this amendment.
Mr. Hull: No. I would not characterize it as
Councilmember Yukimura working with us.
Councilmember Yukimura: And I did not say that.
Mr. Hull: She did submit it to us to review and I did
give her a call to express some concerns.
Councilmember Kagawa: Does the Planning Department agree that
this amendment is helpful or not?
Mr. Hull: Like I said, I can officially say that the first
portion concerning form-based code could do a disservice to the layperson in trying
to interpret the Code. Concerning the second portion about twelve (12) units, I
would say that we have some concerns, but to give an official recommendation
today, I would not be able to do that. I can say though, Councilmember Kagawa,
that should a property be able to construct multi-family units, there is actually
some precedence of looking at construction of multi-family units at a higher level
within or next to R-6 or lower zoning, which are the developments that happened in
Puhi, Halelani Village at Puhi and Ho`okena at Puhi. R-10 and R-20 should have a
much higher density, but of course we are also allowed to construct multi-family
units. I was having this conversation with Councilmember Yukimura in the sense
that those were constructed abutting and right within an R-6 and previously built
out single-family dwelling residents. The Department has not received any
complaints or any issues with that type of development.
Councilmember Kagawa: Ka`aina, what would you call a situation
where you have house with a rental in the house with a rice cooker or appliance or
what have you? Would that qualify for a multi-family dwelling?
Mr. Hull: If they had a separate unit with kitchen
facilities...
Councilmember Kagawa: You can call it a "wet bar" or whatever and
they wanted to turn it into a private area to rent to a local family. Would that
qualify for a multi-family dwelling whereas now, it is illegal?
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 14 OCTOBER 26, 2016
Mr. Hull: Yes, if they have the density. If they have
the density and they came in to apply, we would have to deny it because it is a
multi-family unit in 11-6 or lower. If this Bill was passed as-is, then we could
approve that permit for an actual multi-family dwelling unit.
Councilmember Kagawa: The fact of the matter is a lot of our
single-family dwellings such as Hanama`ulu, Puhi, and Kapahi already are
multi-family dwellings that perhaps this law could give them a change to legalize,
right?
Mr. Hull: Correct.
Councilmember Kagawa: Thank you.
Committee Chair Chock: Councilmember Yukimura.
Councilmember Yukimura: Let us be clear that we are not prohibiting
one (1), two (2), three (3), four (4), five (5), six (6), seven (7), eight (8), nine (9),
ten (10), eleven (11), or twelve (12) units from being multi-family. This amendment
does not affect that. I think the reason, and correct me if I am wrong Ka`aina, that
you folks are not able to give a definitive position on the amendment because we do
not have the data to know how this amendment is really going to affect people, but
you can get the data if you are given enough time, right?
Mr. Hull: Well, I think there are two (2) issues at
hand, Councilmember Yukimura. One issue is, how many properties would this
amendment affect?
Councilmember Yukimura: Correct.
Mr. Hull: That is one (1) issue. Say there are a large
number of properties that it would in fact affect, the other issue at hand is should
we be restricting the development to say only twelve (12) units and above and
beyond that, you start having to break the buildings apart and spread them apart
across the property. That is why I am saying I am having a little bit of concern
about officially recommending for or against this amendment because of the fact
that there is some concern to say should the developer or the property owner be able
to bring all of those units together in one (1) area to preserve a larger portion of the
property for open space purposes and/or for reduction of cost purposes. Will that
potential form and mass be overly impactful above and beyond the benefits that it
could create by reducing cost or by providing further open space?
Councilmember Yukimura: Okay. If there are five (5) properties on the
island like that, to require a Use Permit because the other adjacent owners might
be affected, might not be a problem. If there were fifty (50) or one hundred (100),
then this amendment would be having a bigger impact, would it not? If we had the
data, we would know whether potential adjacent properties might feel that it is a
negative effect or not because we would know what we are talking about.
Mr. Hull: Okay.
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 15 OCTOBER 26, 2016
Councilmember Yukimura: We do not know at this point. I am really
sorry that Vice Chair Kagawa has to attack my position as a fear of unknown, but
all I am trying to do is try to understand what the impacts of this Bill will be on a
variety of situations so that we do not have unintended consequences. I think it is a
reasonable question to ask. I am really sorry that it is turning into that kind of
negativity.
The question I first want to ask is, the whole issue of 1980 is not affected
because that is addressed in other parts of this amendment, and I am not trying to
change that, correct? So we are not affecting that one. Now, the question about
Visitor Destination Areas (VDAs) does come in because I am discovering the
impacts of allowing vacation rentals as a permitted use in VDAs, and we are going
to have to address it at some point because that is affecting the affordable housing
in VDAs. Projects like the Sandpiper in Princeville, which have been a source of
affordable housing, are now turning into Airbnbs and other units. They are actually
causing the eviction of long-term tenants. What is the impact of this Bill, which
allows multi-family units now, consolidation? Will they not then become VDAs?
There is this huge incentive now...
Mr. Hull: Councilmember Yukimura, I just want to
clarify that in no way or shape is this Bill proposing to expand or turn other areas
in Visitor Destination Areas.
Councilmember Yukimura: But it is going to affect residential areas in
VDAs.
Mr. Hull: Insofar as any further construction in that...
Councilmember Yukimura: Correct, and now those other constructions
can be used as Transient Vacation Rentals (TVRs).
Mr. Hull: Well, regardless of it being having a
connective wall or not, it can be used as a Transient Vacation Rental.
Councilmember Yukimura: Correct, but combined with our permitting of
TVRs as an outright permitted use in VDAs, we are actually having a problem that
is removing affordable housing from VDAs in areas that are close to jobs and
resources. We are causing unintended consequence of our TVR bills is that it is
causing the loss of affordable housing in VDAs.
Mr. Hull: I think that definitely could be an issue for a
separate topic just because you would have to go in and amend...the TVR is an
outright permitted use in the VDA. That is what the Code says. If anybody comes
into the Department and asks for a TVR Zoning Permit...
Councilmember Yukimura: They do not have to. They will just ask for a
Residential permit to build residences. That is right. They will just say, "I am
going to build a rental unit."
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 16 OCTOBER 26, 2016
Committee Chair Chock: I want to get us back on track for this. I
understand that you have a concern that is connected to it, but it is a separate
subject if we are going to handle it.
Councilmember Yukimura: Excuse me, but the converging...
Committee Chair Chock: I understand what you are saying. Do you
have a question to continue on this amendment?
Councilmember Yukimura: Yes. The question is, will this Bill combined
with what we are allowing now in Visitor Destination Areas cause a loss of
affordable housing rather than an increase in affordable housing, which is the
purpose of this Bill?
Mr. Hull: In my position as the Deputy Planning
Director, I can say that it is my viewpoint that this Bill will have virtually no
impact on an increase or decrease in transient accommodations in the Visitor
Destination Area.
Councilmember Yukimura: What is the basis of your conclusion?
Mr. Hull: Based on this is concerning how you
construct a structure, what you are addressing is how you use a structure. The
desire to use structures, connected or not, in the VDA as a TVR is incumbent upon
that landowner. Whether or not it is single-family construction or multi-family
construction, the density does not change the same. Of course there is a strong
desire to put any type of dwelling unit in the VDA into transient accommodation
uses because it is far more profitable.
Councilmember Yukimura: Correct.
Mr. Hull: Whether or not it is connected or detached,
there is a strong preponderance for property owners to do that and take advantage
of that entitlement. Being able to construct single-family units into attached units,
I do not anticipate that having any impact on the increase or decrease of transient
accommodation uses in the VDA.
Councilmember Yukimura: Okay. Do you not think that this Bill will
allow developers or landowners who have an entitlement to build so many units in
an R-1, R-4 or R-6 area to be able to more cheaply construct a multi-family unit, so
they will now construct a multi-family unit and it will turn into vacation rentals in
VDAs?
Mr. Hull: That is why I was addressing...
Councilmember Yukimura: Is that not the whole dynamic of it being
cheaper? Then, it will have an impact on the form and character of surrounding
areas.
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 17 OCTOBER 26, 2016
Mr. Hull: Councilmember Yukimura, that is why I was
addressing former comments. Previously in the VDA, that type of construction was
prevalent, but what we are seeing now in the VDA with large tracts of land that can
construct more than one (1) unit, those landowners primarily are not taking
advantage of their own density. They can construct three (3), four (4), or sometimes
five (5) units and they will only construct one (1). Put aside multi-family or
single-family, they are not even taking advantage of their density. Why? It is
because right now in the current market trends, and it has been for several years, it
is far more lucrative to construct that larger scale mansion and either put it onto
the market for second homebuyers or put it into the transient accommodation
usage.
Councilmember Yukimura: Okay. Do you not agree, though, that the
landscape is changing now because we are coming out of the 2008 crash and now
that we are allowing vacation rentals as an outright permitted use in VDAs and
with the influx of Airbnbs and those kinds of shared economy, there might be a
whole different movement or reverse trend back toward multi-family use? We are
in a shifting economic time.
Mr. Hull: All I can say is that is not what we have been
seeing.
Committee Chair Chock: Council Chair Rapozo.
Council Chair Rapozo: I just want to try and get back to this
amendment.
Committee Chair Chock: Thank you.
Council Chair Rapozo: Would you recommend removing "NA?"
Mr. Hull: Yes.
Council Chair Rapozo: I do not see the difference.
Mr. Hull: The "NA" is supposed to be blank.
Council Chair Rapozo: Right, so the "NA" should be removed
because it is just confusing.
Mr. Hull: If you look at the proposal, you should not
have "NA," it should just be blank.
Council Chair Rapozo: "NA" is NA. It is just not permitted. I do not
see it anywhere else in the chart. Then, you recommended that the form-based code
section be taken out and you are not sure about the number. I just wanted to clarify
a couple of things. Councilmember Kagawa or someone brought up Hanamd'ulu,
but if they do not have the density and only have a density of one (1) unit, then they
cannot come in and get a separate rental unit, right?
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 18 OCTOBER 26, 2016
Mr. Hull: Well, no property has a density of one (1)
unit. A property can either qualify for two (2) units or an Additional Dwelling
Unit (ADU).
Council Chair Rapozo: Okay. As long as they have the density is
my point.
Mr. Hull: Yes.
Council Chair Rapozo: The other confusing part I have is, and I
agree with your comments about the Use Permit, that you are not changing the use.
The use is Residential. That is what it is. But yet for the units prior to 1980, you
are requiring a Use Permit?
Mr. Hull: Yes, and that was put in, and quite honestly,
it was a mistake. It.should have been put to the Class IV Zoning Permit level.
Council Chair Rapozo: Right. If we are going to fix something, let
us fix it all over the place. I agree with your analysis, that we should not be using a
Use Permit if there is no change in use. The use is still the same. I am not on the
Committee, so I cannot do any amendments, but I am hoping the Committee
members are listening. Are you recommending that if we change the Use Permit
and go to the Class IV Zoning Permit, that we would fix the part in there that says
prior to 1980, we go through the Use Permit and fix it so that we could all use the
Class IV Zoning Permit process?
Mr. Hull: Well, under...
Council Chair Rapozo: To provide the public hearing. I think that is
the key.
Mr. Hull: Under Councilmember Kaneshiro's original
proposal as well as being kept in Councilmember Yukimura's amendment is that
that whole thing be stricken or removed.
Council Chair Rapozo: The pre-1980?
Mr. Hull: Yes.
Council Chair Rapozo: Oh, okay.
Mr. Hull: So that they are all just treated equally.
Council Chair Rapozo: Okay. I did not go that far. Okay. I got it.
Thank you.
Committee Chair Chock: Councilmember Hooser.
Councilmember Hooser: We are doing a lot of talking here and I want
the public to be clear, but the amendment as proposed would still allow the average
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 19 OCTOBER 26, 2016
person who wants to build a duplex, triplex, or quadplex and has the density to do
it, it is not going to keep anyone from doing that, but it caps it at twelve (12) units,
right?
Mr. Hull: Correct.
Councilmember Hooser: Okay. I think it is wise and prudent to look
at potential unintended consequences. For example, I know people who live in
Molokoa whose property backs up to Grove Farm Company, Inc. land that is
entitled R-4.
Mr. Hull: I do not know off the top of my head.
Councilmember Hooser: Okay. I know that when those people bought
or built their homes, they were expecting neighborhoods behind them, not
multi-family units. If I owned one (1) of those lots and someone plopped a
thirty (30) unit or even a twelve (12) unit multi-family home right behind my multi-
family project, I would not be a happy camper depending on the parking and where
the facilities are. I think there are real impacts and form and character are not
potential. It is real. There will be form and character impacts, period. Going back
to the VDA for a second because I think that is a relevant area to talk about, right
now in those areas it could very well be planned for residential use and someone
could build a twenty (20) or thirty (30) unit multi-family hotel in a VDA and put in
tennis courts, swimming pools, and all of the amenities that everyone is going to
share in an area that is now designated or expected to be a residential area. That is
possible, right?
Mr. Hull: I want to be very clear, Councilmember
Hooser, that is possible today.
Councilmember Hooser: Okay.
Mr. Hull: That is not a function or would not be a
consequence of this Bill. It is a consequence of the fact that that is currently an
illegal entitlement in the VDA today.
Councilmember Hooser: No. To be clear, I understand you can build
thirty (30) houses in that residential VDA and vacation rent all thirty (30) houses.
My point is you could build a thirty (30) unit multi-family structure and have the
resulting facilities to support those thirty (30) units, which would essentially be a
hotel, as opposed to thirty (30) separate houses. So is that correct?
Mr. Hull: It is correct to say that there could be a
thirty (30) unit complex or there could also be thirty (30) units. As far as the
resulting tennis courts and swimming pools that accompany a hotel, the same
accommodations can be provided for the thirty (30) single-family dwelling transient
accommodations.
Councilmember Hooser: Right. The point I. am trying to make is it
changes the character and the form of the area significantly. I think that is a valid
concern that the Council should address when considering implementing a measure
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 20 OCTOBER 26, 2016
that could have very far-reaching impacts. We have not really studied what the
difference between the impacts in the different areas are going to be. We have had
a couple of meetings on it, but there are unintended consequences and I think it is
prudent for us to examine those.
Mr. Hull: No, definitely. I am in agreement with your
analysis on the residential. But to start throwing the VDA, and I think we should
be very clear that this is not going to affect whether or not transient
accommodations occur. Any attempt to bring this into the conversation further
convolutes and brings in a resultant fear that is unnecessary in the discussion of
trying to provide more affordable opportunities for property owners.
Councilmember Hooser: Okay. I agree it does not affect whether or
not you can conduct a VDA operation. My point is the form and character of the
development would be significantly different.
Mr. Hull: And that...
Councilmember Hooser: That is the point. Are there any assurances
or requirements for affordability for any of these projects? No, right? I answered
my own question.
Mr. Hull: Well, I would say that in fact, there are
assurances for that. Currently, if you construct over ten (10) units, which both the
original Bill as well as the amendment would allow for multi-family construction of
more than ten (10) units, there already are assurances that you get kicked into the
Affordable Housing Ordinance in which you have to provide a certain amount of
affordable housing units in the development.
Councilmember Hooser: Over how many units?
Mr. Hull: Over ten (10) units.
Councilmember Hooser: Over ten (10) units, okay. The twelve (12)
unit cap perhaps should be a ten (10) unit cap?
Mr. Hull: That would be up to you folks as
policymakers.
Councilmember Hooser: Okay. Thank you.
Committee Chair Chock: Councilmember Kaneshiro.
Councilmember Kaneshiro: I do not think I have a question right now. I
might have forgotten it already.
Committee Chair Chock: Councilmember Yukimura. No?
Councilmember Hooser.
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 21 OCTOBER 26, 2016
Councilmember Hooser: I have a question for the County Attorney
when we are done with the Planning Department.
Committee Chair Chock: Okay. Are there any more questions for the
Planning Department? You can come up. There is another microphone here. Are
there any other questions for Ka`aina? Why do you not stay there, Ka'aina? We
have a question for the County Attorney.
Councilmember Hooser: I had asked the question earlier, but I
thought the answer was better coming from the County Attorney rather than the
Planning Department. In my mind, we are adding additional value. We are giving
the landowners other options. If we do this and then later decide that we want to
take that away, is that a taking?
JODI A. HIGUCHI, Deputy County Attorney: Just by making the
amendment...
Councilmember Hooser: Actually on the Bill itself, not just the
amendment.
Ms. Higuchi: I am sorry, the Bill itself. You have to look
at the final discretionary action. In this case, it would be when a permit is issued.
At the point when a permit is issued, that is where there is an entitlement in hand
by a property owner. The Bill will not immediately entitle landowners to additional
value. It is only after a permit is issued, whether it is through an over-the-counter
permit that is issued or through a Use Permit or Class IV Zoning Permit, if that is
how it is amended or structured.
Councilmember Hooser: Okay. To restate, if I was a property owner
and I purchased land under the law that says I am allowed to build multi-family
units; twelve (12) or twenty (20) units, and then the Council changed the law to say,
"No, you cannot build multi-family anymore. You have to build single-family
homes," that is not a taking?
Ms. Higuchi: Hawai`i case law did kind of account for it. It
is a blended vested rights and equity type of analysis. The equity considerations,
which include investments and those types of things, is taken into account, but
typically, that is up until the point of when you get a permit. So that is the line that
was sort of drawn by the courts. There are other jurisdictions that does not have
that kind of line. It is more looking at the equity, the fairness, and all of that. I
think in Hawaii, we are looking at once you have the permit issued.
Councilmember Hooser: Okay. Thank you.
Committee Chair Chock: Ka`aina, take out the form-based code, take
out the "NA," anything that exceeds twelve (12) would go through the Class IV
Zoning Permit process automatically. Is that correct?
Mr. Hull: That is not what is proposed right now.
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 22 OCTOBER 26, 2016
Committee Chair Chock: Right. How would we make that happen?
Mr. Hull: You would have to amend the residential
section of the Comprehensive Zoning Ordinance (CZO).
Committee Chair Chock: A separate section?
Mr. Hull: Yes.
Committee Chair Chock: Okay. Thank you. Councilmember
Kaneshiro.
Councilmember Kaneshiro: Ka`aina, I think we have spent a lot of time
talking about residential housing, R-1 through R-6. If I was to build two (2) acres of
R-20, forty (40) units, is that outright permitted?
Mr. Hull: Correct.
Councilmember Kaneshiro: But yet we are pounding on these lands
zoned R-1 through R-6?
Mr. Hull: Correct.
Councilmember Kaneshiro: With this amendment limiting to twelve (12)
units, we are basically forcing somebody that can build more units to build
single-family, and is that supposed to be better? If somebody is entitled to build
twenty (20) units and we limit it to twelve (12), then they can build twelve (12)
units together and then they have to build eight (8) units single-family around.
Does that make it any better? Why have a limit on it?
Mr. Hull: Yes, that is correct.
Councilmember Kaneshiro: The limit of twelve (12) units is kind of
arbitrary. Why twelve (12)? Are we trying to make it so that we see more
single-family houses? I do not know who that question was for. Maybe that
question is for Councilmember Yukimura.
Committee Chair Chock: Yes, the question is why twelve (12)?
Councilmember Yukimura: I can answer that.
Committee Chair Chock: Councilmember Yukimura.
Councilmember Yukimura: First of all, they cannot do it right now. We
are saying "you can do it, but only if you do not exceed twelve (12)," and that is
because we do not know where the large parcels are. We know they are in R-1
through R-6 because that is what we are talking about, and we know that there is
character in R-6 and low density that sometimes is impacted by larger
developments. So we are just saying "where this might happen, we do not want to
allow it as a permitted use without first taking a look at where it is; what is going to
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 23 OCTOBER 26, 2016
happen; and whether balancing all of the considerations is a good thing to do." That
is basically it because we do not know where they are. One (1) of the questions is,
how long will it take to get that data? We are facilitating TVRs in VDAs because
they will come under this category of R-1, R-4, R-6, and Residential.
Committee Chair Chock: Okay. Are there any other questions for the
Planning Department or the County Attorney?
Council Chair Rapozo: I have just one (1) and it is a follow-up to
Councilmember Kaneshiro's.
Committee Chair Chock: Council Chair Rapozo.
Council Chair Rapozo: In the scenario that he talked about, you
would be limited to a twelve (12) unit building and let us say you had density for
thirty (30) units because you are R-6 and had five (5) acres, could you do a
twelve (12) unit building, another twelve (12) unit building, and an eight (8) unit
building; or would you have to do one (1) twelve (12) unit and then the remainder in
single-family?
Councilmember Yukimura: Are you asking me?
Council Chair Rapozo: I am asking Ka aina.
Councilmember Yukimura: Okay.
Mr. Hull: The way I would read this would be that it
would be one (1) twelve (12) unit structure and then thereafter, single-family
structures.
Council Chair Rapozo: Right, you would be limited to that one (1)
multi-family structure.
Mr. Hull: Yes.
Council Chair Rapozo: Which would...yes. I see the unintended
consequences coming if you pass this amendment. That is the way I look at it. I
think the consequences are not what is going to happen if it passes and all of this. I
agree with you about the VDA issue, that they got the entitlement now. I think
what I am seeing is the unintended consequences to prohibit some possible
affordable housing projects with this amendment. Thank you.
Committee Chair Chock: Councilmember Kagawa.
Councilmember Kagawa: Kaaina, a lot of people have the ten
thousand (10,000) square foot minimum required for the ADU right now. Does the
ADU qualify for the multi-family dwelling option, or does the ADU still have to be
separate?
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 24 OCTOBER 26, 2016
Mr. Hull: Actually, they do. Because the ADU law was
passed after the multi-family prohibition for R-6 and below and there is language
that is overriding, if you have a property that qualifies for only one (1) dwelling, for
educational purposes, you are allowed an ADU on properties that qualify for only
one (1) dwelling unit. If you have R-2, half an acre, then you qualify for one (1)
dwelling unit. You can actually construct that ADU connected to the property
because it was passed subsequent.
Councilmember Kagawa: Okay.
Mr. Hull: Now, if you have a property that is R-2, same
zoning and same place, but is one (1) acre in size, therefore it qualifies for two (2)
dwelling units, while his next door neighbor can attach his ADU because he
qualifies for two (2) dwelling units. His two (2) dwelling units actually have to be
separated. It is a strange conundrum in the law and we see it often where people
have come into complain that we can only permit them to construct two (2)
single-family dwellings on their property while their next door neighbor can take
advantage of the multi-family construction, but that is only for the ADU.
Councilmember Kagawa: Second question, Councilmember Hooser
talked about Grove Farm Company, Inc., the Molokoa parcel, and how that might
anger residents abutting their property because when the residents purchased their
homes, they knew that they were buying single-family residential lots, but there is
potential with what Grove Farm Company, Inc. can do and how that would impact
them. The fact of the matter is that any time we pass any change, such as this Bill,
which basically allows owners to do something different, it is a change because it
was not allowed when I bought my property twelve (12) years ago. Committee
Chair Chock's proposal to have the Lihu`e district allow ARUs for lots under three
thousand four hundred (3,400) square feet could anger residents as well because the
previous law was ten thousand (10,000) square feet. So any time these zoning
changes take place, there could be people that are disgruntled about the changes
being made, right?
Mr. Hull: Correct.
Councilmember Kagawa: We are trying to solve the affordable housing
crisis. We talked about Grove Farm Company, Inc. and what they may do with that
property in trying to build affordable housing, but having these types of options
makes it more enticing for developers to try and meet what the County taxpayers
want as affordable, right? Affordable single-family homes may be five hundred
thousand dollars ($500,000) like Honolulu, but whereas if we have multi-family
dwelling types, that may allow at least affordable rentals that are nearer to what
affordable really is, right?
Mr. Hull: Yes. I would be in complete agreement with
that in the sense that...and I want to be clear, too, because there are a lot of
misconceptions when the term "affordable" is used. Sometimes it is being used
within a very specific housing context with specific ratios. When talking from the
zoning side, there has been a number of zoning proposals, including this one, that is
really more addressing the affordable by design. Multi-family is designed in a
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 25 OCTOBER 26, 2016
manner in which it is more affordable to produce and is generally more affordable to
either rent or sell. It does not necessarily meet the specific ratios set by the United
States Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) or the Housing
Agency, but affordable by design. Indeed, right now with the prohibition on it,
developers are not only unwilling, they are unable to try and provide these
opportunities.
Councilmember Kagawa: Try and answer this question, and I do not
know if it is even answerable, what is the big deal about the number of twelve (12),
or ten (10), or whatever the magic number is to prevent unintended consequences in
the eyes of Councilmember Yukimura and Councilmember Hooser? What is the big
deal with the number ten (10) or twelve (12)? What is the big deal from the
Planning Department's perspective?
Mr. Hull: We can see where the concern comes from
because it is a question of do they want that form or mass of a larger structure near
their property line per se. That is why the Department is saying that we have
concerns to say that is necessarily an overall, just a negative impact because by
doing that, you could create far more open space on that land, which some of the
abutting property owners may actually enjoy more than having that more sprawling
type of single-family homes all over the place. It is hard for us to say indeed, to
have anything beyond twelve (12) will, in fact, be a negative impact.
Councilmember Kagawa: Is the concern with the whole Bill that with
this type of change, it is not wanted in the residential neighborhoods? It is not just
the twelve (12) or ten (10), right? I do not know. I have difficulties with the
amendment.
Committee Chair Chock: Councilmember Yukimura, followed by
Councilmember Hooser.
Councilmember Yukimura: The impact of one (1) or two (2) houses
becoming multi-family is very different, is it not, from thirty (30) houses becoming
multi-family, visually and form and character?
Mr. Hull: Correct, potentially.
Councilmember Yukimura: There is no controls on these units being
affordable, so a developer could go into Kapahi, make a multi-family structure, and
make it essentially second homes, right? Long-term, not short-term, so it would not
be those prohibited TVRs. But there are so many second homes now. I meet people
all over this island who have a home here, have a home in California, and some of
them have a home in Connecticut as well. There is no prohibition. Everybody talks
about, "Well, oh, we cannot prevent them from having affordable housing," but it
might not be affordable housing. It might be second homes. It might be very
wealthy apartments and for that, we are going sacrifice form and character that
affects the surrounding neighborhoods. There is no magic in twelve (12). I just
used it because I needed the number, but we can discuss where it should be. We are
just talking about where you cross the line from. one (1) or two (2) units that we
really think will more likely be affordable because it will be smaller and the impact
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 26 OCTOBER 26, 2016
is different, versus forty (40) units or anything under fifty (50), because right now
under our present law, fifty (50) is where the scrutiny starts. Is that an unintended
consequence we want to ignore?
Committee Chair Chock: Is that a question?
Councilmember Yukimura: Yes.
Committee Chair Chock: Councilmember Hooser, followed by Council
Chair Rapozo.
Councilmember Hooser: I was going to ask the Planning Department
to justify my position, which seems to be what we are doing now, so perhaps we just
need to move on because we can ask if thirty (30) units behind my house in Molokoa
affect me more than an ARU? The answer is yes, and I believe it is not potentially
yes, but yes, if it is multi-family. We have had these discussions. I suggest we
move on.
Committee Chair Chock: Okay. Council Chair Rapozo.
Council Chair Rapozo: I have a question for the attorney. When we
create bills, there has to be some rationale nexus when we put a number like
twelve (12). There has to be because you are allowing someone or you are giving
some class of people or some group of people an entitlement and you are denying
another. Do we not need a rationale nexus somewhere in there? How did you come
to the number twelve (12)? I just figured we would start there. Do we have to,
because you are going to be taking away a potential entitlement from somebody
that have the same rights today, and then we are going to say, "No, you got the pass
and you do not," and we chose the number twelve (12) as the line in the sand? Now,
when that person who is not entitled or basically cannot do it come up and we get
sued, how do we justify the number twelve (12)? I am only asking this because we
had this discussion on numerous bills in the past as it related to putting numbers
in. It is unfair to ask you that on the floor, and I can appreciate that. It sounds like
we are not ready anyway, but maybe not. I do not know.
Councilmember Yukimura: How did we set fifty (50)?
Council Chair Rapozo: The question is not about twelve (12), the
question is what the nexus is. Do we need to have a nexus? Do we need to clarify
why twelve (12) is the number and not fourteen (14), or ten (10), or twenty (20), or
whatever?
Ms. Higuchi: I think, yes. Some of that is sort of the policy
decision. When we are looking at legislation like this, there has to be some rhyme
or reason. The nexus and proportionality question, yes, that comes into play when
we are looking at exactions or conditions related to a permit. Yes, some of it has to
be recommended as, there should be good policy supporting any legislation, in
general.
Council Chair Rapozo: Okay. Thank you.
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 27 OCTOBER 26, 2016
Councilmember Yukimura: I have a follow-up.
Committee Chair Chock: Councilmember Yukimura.
Councilmember Yukimura: Well, we set ten (10) for affordable housing
and we set fifty (50) for project development or whatever it is. It does not have to be
scientifically-based, right? It can be based on where the impact leads from a fairly
minor impact to a larger impact, I would guess. We have set it. We have set these
figures.
Committee Chair Chock: Okay.
Councilmember Yukimura: The question is, we are not taking away. We
are talking about giving. We are not talking about taking away. We are talking
about giving this right of multi-family and whom we give it to.
Committee Chair Chock: What is the question?
Councilmember Yukimura: Do we not look at being cautious when we
give because can we take back? That was the question. How much will it cost to
take back if we decide that it was not a good idea in the public interest later? Yes?
Ms. Higuchi: Yes, I am not the expert on the policy
discussions. In general, like I said, there should be some basis for any proposed
legislation.
Councilmember Yukimura: Should there not be more caution in giving
than in taking because of what it will take to take away later, and whether it is
possible to even take away?
Mr. Hull: I will just interject and remind everyone that
thirty-six (36) years ago back in 1980, it was taken away and for thirty-six (36)
years, it has never been tested.
Committee Chair Chock: Okay. Thank you for the answer.
Councilmember Kuali`i has a follow-up.
Councilmember Kuali`i: When you spoke earlier about entitlements
only occurring when the permit is issued, in essence, this Bill as it has come
forward without the amendment, is really not actually giving an entitlement. It is
giving the potential for an entitlement, and what it is giving is an incentive for
owners of properties now who have density and are not building because of costs to
build more cautious and efficiently by sharing walls and what have you, right? So,
it can be taken back because all the Bill does is give the incentive for cost-savings
for a certain type of building and if we undo the Bill, anyone who has not acted on
it, sought a permit, and gotten an entitlement would not be entitled going forward
or have the potential for entitlements going forward?
Ms. Higuchi: Right. Again, the equity considerations do
come into play and that is the reliance on any proposed legislation and also any
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 28 OCTOBER 26, 2016
investments. The key is when does that matter and when is it then a vested right,
and that is when you have the permit issued. That is what the courts have said. So
just by nature of changing legislation at this point, it is not really affecting anyone's
entitlement unless they have a permit in hand. They have their entitlement, which
is that permit and that is a property right. I agree with you, yes.
Councilmember Kuali`i: Thank you.
Committee Chair Chock: Councilmember Yukimura has a question.
Councilmember Yukimura: But by creating the potential for an
entitlement, you are creating a greater problem in taking it away then you would if
you did not create the potential? Is it not? Are we not doing that?
Ms. Higuchi: Sorry, I am not fully following.
Councilmember Yukimura: If you create the potential for entitlement,
you are creating a problem for the County if it wants to take it away, right?
Ms. Higuchi: Again, I think that comes into play if
somebody already has a permit. If the Bill was passed and somebody had a permit,
and then subsequently it was changed, they have that right already in hand.
Committee Chair Chock: Okay. Thank you.
Ms. Higuchi: I hope that answers the question.
Councilmember Kaneshiro: Again, we hear all of these scary words,
"entitlement," but is it really entitling somebody if they could build six (6)
single-family units and then we say, "Oh, you can build six (6) units that are
connected?" At the end of the day, they were able to build six (6) units, period. I am
sure it will create more questions.
Committee Chair Chock: Thank you, Councilmember Kaneshiro.
Councilmember Kaneshiro: Sorry.
Committee Chair Chock: Councilmember Hooser.
Councilmember Hooser: Since in my mind we are creating an
entitlement, we are allowing landowners/developers to build cheaper and make
more money possibly, is it possible to address some of the unintended consequences
to say this does not apply to the VDA? Since we acknowledge the VDA is the VDA
and highly likely to be used as vacation rentals, is it possible to amend this measure
so multi-family units do not apply in the VDA?
Ms. Higuchi: Yes.
Councilmember Hooser: Does the Planning Department have any
comments on that?
•
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 29 OCTOBER 26, 2016
Mr. Hull: Yes, you would just have to draft the
proposal. I would turn to the Office of the County Attorney to look for guidance as to
whether or not that constitutes a substantive change, but aside from that, of course
that language can be crafted.
Councilmember Hooser: In terms of the Planning Department's policy
perspective, would they support that policy change?
Mr. Hull: I could not answer that on the floor today.
We would have to do a bit of an analysis and look at specific properties within the
VDA and the potential impacts. I just cannot officially give a recommendation of
yay or nay on the spot right now.
Councilmember Hooser: Okay. Thank you.
Committee Chair Chock: Here we are with where I think we are on
this Bill. It seems to me there are some aspects of this amendment that may need
work from a perspective. The options would be for us to move it forward or not
move it forward, kill it, or have it deferred if there are some other considerations
such as the VDA, the amendment in the residential section, whatever it may be. I
am going to go ahead and take public testimony first, and we can come back to this
discussion. Do we have anybody registered?
ALLISON S. ARAKAKI, Council Services Assistant I: We have one (1)
registered speaker. The first registered speaker is Matthew Bernabe.
MATTHEW BERNABE: Matt Bernabe, for the record. Good morning,
everybody. I am just curious with this number twelve (12). I think it is scientific. I
think they are saying if an R-6 is allowed to have two (2), if you split them and have
two (2) family units, you cannot exceed twelve (12) because six (6) times two (2) is
twelve (12). I do not know. Maybe that is it. I was not going testify on that. What
I am going testify on was and is, I said it before, we need to go vertical. Recently,
we heard Mr. Kawakami talk about it. As leaders, we might have to make serious
choices. Look at Rice Street. On Rice Street, they have an apartment complex that
is not out of place. It houses so much more people than if we went and put that
amount of people in houses. If you have Legos all over your kid's room, you are
going to probably have a lot of surface area taken up. If you stack those Legos, you
could get a lot more people in there. I am all for reducing the rubbish by putting
them under one (1) roof. We all know we have a dump problem. If you want to go
and create individual homes, here is the consequence that no one is talking about,
there is exponentially more rubbish when you do individual homes. We have
eighty-two (82) units by Kintaro Japanese Restaurant, which is in a VDA, so
obviously we had a bad deal. We only received ten (10) years of forty-one (41) units
of affordable homes. But if that same area was somewhere in the rolling hills where
the roof was capped with the top of the ridgeline, we have areas to plan this
smartly. It may not be four (4) stories, but it would at least be three (3) or two (2)
stories. Housing is a real issue. I am glad you folks are talking about it. I actually
support having a bigger density under one (1) roof. It only makes sense. My sister
owns a house behind the apartment complex in Lihu`e and you cannot tell the
difference. It did not take away the scenic view as bad as people say. I testified
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 30 OCTOBER 26, 2016
that I rode my motorbike a couple of years back in O`ahu after one of my daughter's
tournaments with the Oahu people in Helemano. They have a building in the
country that you would not even know where you were, it houses hundreds of
people, and it is rural. It looked fine. I made a point to say, "Wow, this is a pretty
nice place that you folks have out here." I popped out of the bushes and I was like,
"Oh, this is out here?" So it can be done with smart planning. I am running out of
time. I would also like to say that it is not a very popular thing to block somebody's
view, but when you use up all of the surface land, they also grumble about that.
This is a serious issue that we have to address. Thank you.
Committee Chair Chock: Thank you. Anyone else wishing to testify?
There being no further testimony, the meeting was called back to order, and
proceeded as follows:
Committee Chair Chock: Committee members, I would like to focus
the discussion on the amendment and what the options are. I can tell you that as it
is currently written, I cannot support it. I would support one, what I heard was a
request for more study if that is what can be done; and two, a resubmittal. I do
have some concerns on what that threshold is, but ultimately, I am supportive of
this Bill in its entirety. That is where I am. Does anyone else have any comments?
Councilmember Kaneshiro.
Councilmember Kaneshiro: I will not be voting for the amendment.
Again, you heard my concerns. Where did this number come from? We are in a
housing crisis and we are trying to make it easier for people to build, but yet, we
shoot ourselves in the foot by adding more things to make it harder for them to
build. We are saying, "Yes, it is it cheaper to build together, but you can only build
this much and then the rest to be single-family." I am not going to be voting for this
and I am ready to vote on the main motion, too. That is where I am at.
Committee Chair Chock: Councilmember Yukimura.
Councilmember Yukimura: I think there are some assumptions here
that we need to examine with more public and expert feedback. I want to see the
DBEDT study. I do believe that construction of multi-family is cheaper for fewer
units, but as it gets bigger and more units, the construction is more expensive. I do
not know for sure, but we need to examine it because there is a predominant
assumption here that it is always cheaper. If it is cheaper and we make these
multi-family units, is that cheapness passed on? Is that savings passed on in
affordable housing, or will it be used for very high-priced housing? There is no real
control over that. I do not believe we should give these incentives where it does not
result in affordable housing. I think there is also going to be a major problem in
VDAs where through our unintended consequences of our TVR legislation, we are
causing the displacement of affordable housing in Visitor Destination Areas. This
will add to it because it will incentivize development of residential properties. I am
in favor of the basic thrust of this Bill. I always have been. I do not believe my
amendment is affecting the major thrust. I believe it is just trying to make sure
that we do not have any unintended consequences and it affects just a small portion
of this Bill. So I would ask that we continue to at least verify our assumptions, and
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 31 OCTOBER 26, 2016
if I am wrong and the assumptions that the Planning Department and you all are
making are correct, then let us move ahead. But if the assumptions are not correct,
then we need to examine what the potential unintended consequences will be.
Committee Chair Chock: Does anyone else have any comments? No?
Council Chair Rapozo: I am not on the Committee, so I will go last.
Committee Chair Chock: Councilmember Hooser.
Councilmember Hooser: I would encourage the Committee to defer
this. Issues came up today that were not discussed last week. The VDA question
was one of them. As I think about this, I support the underlying principle of
allowing landowners, specifically small landowners, who want to build a duplex or
an additional unit and save money because it is likely if small owners do this, then
it will be affordable and will be used for local residents. The underlying measure is
just too much of a broad-brush for me and there are too many unintended
consequences, some of which we just learned about today. I would like to have it
examined more and have more discussion. I support the amendment's principle in
terms of limiting it to smaller developments. There is a huge difference between a
thirty (30) unit multi-family project built behind your house versus a two (2) unit,
three (3) unit, or four (4) unit project. It potentially is a huge windfall to developers
and landowners. You could cluster your multi-family units on the rim of the valley
so that everybody gets a view, and that is not going to be affordable housing. That
is going to be more expensive housing. If you cluster multi-families so they have an
ocean view, it raises the cost of housing in those areas. It does not decrease the cost
of housing. Developers and landowners are there to earn a profit, and that is what
they are going to be aiming towards. There is no assurances whatsoever that this
will result in more affordable housing. I am hopeful, but certainly, the smaller scale
is pretty clear in which that can happen. But the larger-scale, the broader-brush,
there is just too much and too many unanswered questions. I think this bears
further discussion and I think we should take the time we need to act prudently and
think about those potential consequences. Thank you.
Committee Chair Chock: Councilmember Kagawa.
Councilmember Kagawa: We are trying to solve an affordable housing
problem, which I think is the goal. I have my fear about the overall effect of passing
something like this that basically gives an option instead of having a separate unit
that instead you save a lot of big-time costs. The cost of doing the foundation, the
utilities, and everything makes everything. It is probably half of the house just to
do the groundwork, and to give the option to just do remodeling to the existing or
just do an add-on with a roof, the infrastructure and the utilities are all there. So it
is huge savings and a lot of it is already out there from the 1980s. I read Eddie
Santa's minutes when he was a councilmember. Councilmember was the Mayor
when a lot of people were complaining that, "Wow, these people next door to me are
all illegal. What are you folks going to do?" Nothing, What did the County do for
all of those years? Nothing. Now, this will give the option of people in Hanama`ulu,
Puhi, and Kapahi do it by the rules and build a unit that can house their families,
their relatives, or can be a side income of rental, legally. Not everybody is okay
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 32 OCTOBER 26, 2016
with breaking the law for thirty (30) or forty (40) years. Some people want to do
things legally and now, this will legally give a chance for a lot of residents to do it
legally like their neighbors have been illegally doing for forty (40) years. Let us get
over the fallacy that this is not happening. This has been happening for a very long
time. It is saving money, making ends meet, housing your family, and having
privacy at an affordable cost. It has been done for many years on Kauai. Some is
not even going to be compatible. They have more than two (2) units. Some even
have five (5) units. I have been there. I am not the police or the Planning
Inspector. It is not my job. I guess for the past thirty (30) years, a lot of people here
that were in office did not do a thing about it. What are we going to do? Are we
going to say, "Okay, only those who are illegal can do it? You can be keep doing it.
We are not going bother you. But for the rest of you, no." I just want to move
forward. I think if we have been doing it for a while, I see it as making sense. We
are not adding density. If you have a chance for another affordable unit, then why
are we going to worry if you have a chance to build more than twelve (12) units?
What is the difference between one (1) and twelve (12) having the same opportunity
in the same zoned lot? I do not see it. What is good for one (1) or two (2) for the
same zone and density is equal for the rest. The fear is whether this Bill is good or
not, allowing multi-family attached density. It changes the look of Kaua`i and
changes our residential outlook. Of course it changes. So you vote "no" if that fear
makes you not want to support it. I am feeling a little bit of that because I want to
keep our rural character, but then again when I read Eddie Sarita's minutes, I see
what is out there, and I think about what we have done with not inspecting those
that have been illegal, then maybe this law can help more people to comply or at
least we know that a lot of them are now in compliance once we pass this. So it is
just options for our local people. That is what it is. Yes, maybe some TVR owners
will make out, but do we say, "Oh, TVR owners, we are so worried about you that
we are going to cut off our locals chance from housing their families and friends?" I
do not let the rich dictate the way I decide for the locals that need the help. If I
think like that, then nothing gets done. Thank you, Committee Chair Chock.
Committee Chair Chock: Does anyone else have any other comments?
Councilmember Kuali`i.
Councilmember Kuali`i: I do think that this is an important bill and
we should keep working on it. As far as the amendment, I accept and respect the
Planning Department's information and all the information provided today. I do
not see how we came up with the number twelve (12). The density is what it is for
all of the different properties, and to arbitrarily pick the number twelve (12),
whether someone has density of fifty (50) or one hundred (100), it kind of skews it.
It seems like if we were going to try to limit the amount that could be attached
versus having to be single-family, that it should probably be a percentage to the
already approved density. So maybe something like where you have density for two
(2) to forty-nine (49) units, you can do seventy-five percent (75%) as attached. Then,
from fifty (50) to one hundred (100) units, fifty percent (50%) so that maybe the
much larger density would be allowed a smaller percentage, if you wanted to do a
limitation like that. I would not support the amendment. As far as the overall Bill,
I think to alleviate some concerns about potential unintended consequences, it
would be good to have a little bit more information. Some of the questions that
were asked today, maybe the Planning Department could come back to us. I think
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 33 OCTOBER 26, 2016
we have to keep working on this because the potential for providing more housing,
affordable and otherwise, is important. We are so behind in our supply of housing
as far as what people need. Thank you.
Committee Chair Chock: Thank you. Does anyone else have any other
comments? Councilmember Yukimura.
Councilmember Yukimura: No, I will let Council Chair Rapozo go first.
Committee Chair Chock: Council Chair Rapozo.
Council Chair Rapozo: Thank you. I am non-member of the
Committee, but I wanted to clarify one thing because if you just listen to today's
discussion, I can see how members of the public would be concerned that the lot
next to their house is going to have thirty (30) or forty (40) unit structure. That is
not going to happen. I think people have to understand that in order for you to get
a thirty (30) unit structure, you would need R-6 and five (5) acres. Five (5) acres,
not the next door lot. We are talking five (5) acres of residential land and if, in fact,
you were R-4, you would need over seven (7) acres. It is huge, vast land. It is not
going pop-up in your neighbor's yard. That is what I got today. If you are listening
to this, I can see the fear, "Oh, my God. If they pass this, the next door lot is going
to have a big condominium or vacation rental." No. You need the acres to put up
that many units. Let us just get that clear. We are talking about extra units. We
are talking about no increases in density. We are talking about a VDA discussion.
What in the world? Why are we putting that in with this discussion? Remember
when we had the TVR discussion, everybody said, "That is where it belongs. It does
not belong in residential. It belongs in VDA." Okay. That is the VDA. Whether
you like it or you do not like, it is the Visitor Destination Area. If somebody wants
to take advantage of a multi-family development to create whatever they want to
create, God bless them. That is where they belong. I think to mix that up, and I
think Councilmember Kagawa said it best, if you are going to let those few people
that might come up and build a couple of vacation rentals, time shares, or whatever
the heck they want to build, that is fine. That is where they belong. Let us not
compromise our efforts in affordable housing because we are worried about what
they are going to do. They are going to do what they want to do regardless of what
we do. The VDA discussion is a separate discussion. If you folks want to go mess
around with the VDA and take away more people's rights there, that is say separate
discussion. Right now, if you are a local resident living in the VDA, you are
protected by the property tax caps. I do not care what they build. They can build a
ten million dollar ($10,000,000) mansion. You are protected by the property tax cap.
Again, let us not put this unnecessary fear in the people watching that, "Oh my
God." No. The sky is not falling. We have measures in place to protect our
homeowners. The second homeowners, sorry, you pay the price. But our residents
that live in their homes get the benefit of a cap. This Bill does not affect that. I do
not care what they build in the VDA. My biggest point is the Bill as it is presented
without the amendment, works for me. In the discussions that Councilmember
Kuali`i and I have been having with the Housing Agency, there are some
possibilities out there. Do you know what? This makes it even more reachable, in
fact, I am kind of excited to go back to meet with the Housing Agency and say, "Do
you know what? Now we can actually go and do this private-public partnership."
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 34 OCTOBER 26, 2016
We can actually make this happen rather than worry so much about what can
happen and then we give away there opportunity. This is a wonderful opportunity.
There is no density increase. Again, if you are going to see a forty (40) acre unit
development in your neighborhood, you better have about eight (8) acres separating
you and them. Do you know what I am saying? That is just how this Bill is draft.
Do not worry about Molokoa or one (1) more Lihu`e Townhouse coming up next to
you, Councilmember Kagawa. That is not going to happen because I do not think
that lot is about seven thousand (7,000) or eight thousand (8,000) square feet. You
are not going to get forty (40) units. You need acres, five (5) acres. If anybody that
going to get five (5) acres of land and put their complex right up to the property line
of their neighbor, is stupid. They are not going to do that. They are going to make
it in a nice area. Do you know what? If they want to put swimming pools, palm
trees, cabanas, and whatever the heck they want, that is their right. Do not throw
away the baby with the bathwater. We have to look at studies now and then
another three (3), four (4), five (5) months, or six (6) months from now we revisit
this, and all in this time we could probably work towards an agreement with
somebody to get some housing built. I say we move on. I suggest that we move on.
Thank you.
Committee Chair Chock: Thank you. Councilmember Yukimura.
Councilmember Yukimura: The argument that Council Chair Rapozo
just made could have been made also about the Lihu`e ARU Bill. If we had allowed
that to proceed and then worked on other parts, we might have allowed a lot of good
things to happen for affordable housing. We are not talking about real property
taxes. We are talking about the form and character of neighborhoods. People who
live in VDAs in Princeville and in Koloa/Po`ipii are wanting to live in good
communities. So how the form and character of neighborhoods are affected is a
really important issue and there is a difference. The Deputy Planning Director said
himself that there is a difference between one (1) unit, two (2), or three (3) units,
and greater numbers in terms of impact. This amendment does not stop the bulk of
this Bill from taking effect, the really good parts of this Bill. It is very specialized to
a small number of lots where there might have these impacts. If we are willing to
work on this amendment, the intention could let us have our cake and eat it, too. It
could let us have everything we want, affordable housing, but not the negative
impacts that might come from this Bill. It is the difference between being able to
discern and really allow the bulk of the Bill to happen and not allow the potential
negative impacts to happen, which is the best of all worlds in working on this
amendment. What I hear is we are not wanting to stop these larger developments,
we are just wanting them to have additional scrutiny to make sure that their
potential negative impacts will be alleviated, so the Class IV Zoning Permit is a way
to do that. It may only be five (5) properties. We do not know, but it could affect
neighborhoods and others. If we just have the foresight to include that kind of
mechanism, we can make this Bill the best possible bill and achieve all of the things
that we are wanting to happen. That is it.
Committee Chair Chock: Does anyone else have any other comments?
As I said before, I support this amendment on principle to try and address form and
character. The reason why I cannot support it is one, I need to know what and why
for the number. I think there is more information that we need to obtain in order to
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 35 OCTOBER 26, 2016
make that decision. Twelve (12) might be it, but I just have not heard enough work
to be done between the Planning Department and what is being proposed. The
second is that it is clear that it may not be the right place for form-based code.
Councilmember Yukimura: Make an amendment.
Committee Chair Chock: Then the "NA" portion should be taken out
as well. As I said before, there is more good that the overall main Bill can do than
not, and that is why I support it. I am open to deferring, specifically for answering
some of the questions and if there is more interest to work on it further. With that,
I need to take the vote on the amendment.
The motion to amend Bill No. 2634 as circulated, and as shown in the Floor
Amendment, which is attached hereto as Attachment 1 was then put, and
failed by a vote of 1*:4 (*Pursuant to Rule No. 5(b) of the Rules of the Council
of the County of Kauai, Councilmember Hooser was noted as silent, but shall
be recorded as an affirmative vote for the motion; Councilmembers Kagawa,
Kaneshiro, Kuali`i and Committee Chair Chock voting no)...
Committee Chair Chock: The motion does not pass.
Councilmember Hooser: Before we move on, I was going to make a
motion to defer, but I just wanted to say some quickly.
Committee Chair Chock: Okay.
Councilmember Hooser: To be clear, I supported the intent of the
amendment, but it needed further amendments and I sensed that there was not the
votes here to pass it, which is why I voted silent. I believe we do need additional
questions answered and additional discussion.
Councilmember Hooser moved to defer Bill No. 2634.
Committee Chair Chock: Do I have a second? I need a second on the
request for a deferral. The motion for a deferral does not pass.
The motion to defer Bill No. 2634 was then put, and failed for a lack of a
second.
Committee Chair Chock: That brings us back to the main motion. Is
there any further discussion? Councilmember Kagawa.
Councilmember Kagawa: Thank you, Committee Chair Chock. I agree
with the form and character issues. Those changes are the main ones for me. Even
with the ARU Bill, the form and character changes a lot. You go from ten
thousand (10,000) square feet to three thousand four hundred (3,400) square feet.
Are you kidding me? It is like one-third (1/3) the size of what had been allowed for
all of these years from the 1960s or 1970s. That is far worse to me in changing
rural character because where you had no chance of putting an ADU under ten
thousand (10,000), you could put one for as small as three thousand four
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 36 OCTOBER 26, 2016
hundred (3,400) square feet, you could put two (2) units. That is far more damaging
and they got that from the Lihu`e Community Plan, which approved that, right? So
that just worries me more because the Lihu`e Community Plan also approved of the
Rice Street, Hardy Street, and `Eiwa Street changes which I totally disagreed with.
Maybe we need to scrutinize what comes out of the Lihu`e Community Plan and
that group better.
Regarding this Bill, I am just hoping that we can somehow address affordable
housing in a way that will get immediate results. I think the affordable housing
crisis is, as I said earlier at the political forums, it is a nationwide problem that we
have where you have market values all over the world going up at such a high rate
and you have incomes that are not growing. How do you balance that? It is a
nationwide problem. Something needs to be done. As I said, my daughter looked
into applying for one of those Honolulu apartments. Five hundred thousand
dollars ($500,000) affordable was the affordable rate. She cannot qualify for a five
hundred thousand dollar ($500,000) loan with the job that she recently got. She is
working. Affordable should be where one (1) parent is working and one (1) parent is
not working. She is working and she does not qualify for the loan. How is that
affordable? It is unbelievable that five hundred thousand dollars ($500,000) is the
cheapest affordable you can get in Honolulu. If we do not allow different ways of
developers or owners creating houses instead of just standard single-family housing
on ten thousand (10,000) square feet, those are least going to be five hundred
thousand dollars ($500,000) with probably income values less on Kauai than
Honolulu, we are almost giving no chance for our true people in need to get
affordable housing. Now with this Bill, we are taking a chance. We are taking a
dive. Yes, we may be changing form and character, which may upset some, but are
we going to wait for the nationwide solving of this issue or are we going to try and
get some inventory built as soon as possible, or even allow some that are illegal to
legal and get some that wanted to be legal and have not been legal to come
on-board, add inventory for rentals, and add inventory for the local families to live
more comfortably? I do not think everybody should be forced to be crammed
because the government does not listen to the needs that are out there. I mean, get
out there in the community and walk around. There are people crunched up in
houses and really suffering. Now, will this Bill solve all of the suffering? No. Will
it help? I hope so. I hope it helps. I hope it gives more privacy and more space to
many families who are working three (3) or four (4) jobs and still cannot buy their
own house separately. This is the only way they are going to have to live for now.
Hopefully, as I said, we will be able to solve some of the problems out there, ease
some of the suffering out there, and that is why I commend Councilmember
Kaneshiro and Committee Chair Chock for pushing forth this Bill. I think like
anything, even ARUs, I may be open to that. I want it to be island-wide. Like
anything, we have to give and take sometimes to get results. With affordable
housing, the nation is not doing nothing and the State is not really doing anything,
what are we going to do? Are we going to do nothing too, or are we going to try? I
am going vote to try. Thank you.
Committee Chair Chock: Anyone else have any other comments?
Councilmember Kaneshiro.
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 37 OCTOBER 26, 2016
Councilmember Kaneshiro: We heard a lot of scary words. We heard
"TVR," "VDA," "entitlements," "extra value," "impacts," and "unknowns." I think
this happens with any development. Let me repeat, we are not increasing density,
so these properties can build forty (40) single-family units right now and we are
scrutinizing if they can combine them. I think people are going to say, "Well, what
do the single-family units look like?" You have to step back. We are in a housing
crisis, we are all saying that we need more houses for Kaua`i, and all this is doing is
allowing flexibility to allow the option to put the units together if you have the
density and the density is already there. That is all we are doing. I hear a lot of the
concerns. But again, we are trying to create housing. We are trying to promote
housing. That is all we are trying to do. I think as we are trying to do this, it is kind
of counterproductive to say, "Oh, yes, someone can go and build all of these single-
family houses, but if they connect the units they have to do more or they have to be
restricted on this." We are talking about R-1 through R-6. These are parcels that
need more acres. We are not even talking about R-10 or R-20, ten (10) units per
acre or twenty (20) units per acre, which are outright permitted right now. We are
scrutinizing R-1 through R-6, which you need five (5) acres to do. Again, we have to
take a step back and say, "What we are we trying to do?" We are in a housing crisis.
All we are saying is that we are giving the developer the flexibility to say, "Do I
want to build all single-family or do I want to build them together?" I do not need to
be a realtor to know if I am building houses together, I probably cannot get the price
of a single-family house. If I am building all of the units together, you are building
to the consumer. Does it make sense to build it up against the houses and then
keep nine (9) acres of open space away from houses? No. I think the people that
are going to buy are going to say, "Why are you putting us right next to this house?"
They are going to want to spread it out or put it in the open area. These are big
lots. Again, I think we heard a lot of scary things, but in reality, all we are trying to
do is trying to promote housing. That is it. Then, I think we shoot ourselves in the
foot any time we say, "Yes, let us do that, but oh, let us put all of these restrictions
and make them go through a Use Permit and do all of this." We are kind of fizzling
out what we are trying to do. We are trying to make it easier, we are trying to
make it a little more flexible for people to build, and that is all this Bill does. Again,
this Bill does not increase density. The density is already there. It allows
somebody who wants to build to say, "Should I build it together or do I want to keep
it separate," and that is it. It is as simple as that, so I will be voting for it.
Committee Chair Chock: Thank you. Does anyone else have any other
comments? Councilmember Yukimura.
Councilmember Yukimura: It pleases me to no end that people are
realizing the desirability of multi-family housing because that has been my
awareness and my goal for many years. That is why you see Kalepa Village
Apartments, Pa'anau Village Apartments, Kolopua Apartments, and our elderly
housing at Rice Camp. The amendment and my concerns are not to try to stop
multi-family. I am in support of this. All I am trying to do is offset what might be
some negative impacts. You can say, "Oh, well, those impacts, you have to live with
them." Well, do you know what? Affecting the rural character and preserving the
rural character of Kaua`i is the main goal of our General Plan. If we can promote
affordable housing and protect the rural character of our island, why should we not
try to do that? We get really caught up in, well, density is not the only issue. Yes, I
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 38 OCTOBER 26, 2016
am not arguing about density and providing affordable housing, that is a given. But
if we just go single issue and forget everything else, that is when we begin to
destroy our community. If it is fairly easy to address the negative impacts, then we
need to do that as good policymakers, and that is all that I have been trying to do.
If we would spend some time and give value to trying that, I believe we can find a
really creative solution that will give us both affordable housing and protect the
character of our neighborhoods and our island.
Committee Chair Chock: Thank you. Does anyone else have any
further comments? Councilmember Kuali`i.
Councilmember Kuali`i: I will just say that I appreciate all of the
information from the Planning Department today. I read through the minutes from
the July Planning Commission Meeting and learned a lot from there, too. I
appreciate their work as well. Even though I am not maybe one hundred
percent (100%) ready to go forward, I am pretty close. I think it is really important
that we do move forward and that we keep moving forward because of the critical
need for housing. I will support this and do whatever I need to do before the next
meeting to be able to support it then as well. I think we are moving in the right
direction and I trust the Planning Department to keep us on-track and to make this
Bill work the best way that it can. Going forward, when they are working with it, if
there are any amendments or any changes that we need to do, we can do. I also
think, too, that if we have such a big problem with the whole idea, the reassurance
from the County Attorney on the entitlement versus the incentive and cost-savings
and basically encouraging developers to build more housing, can be undone. I am
going to support the Bill today in Committee.
Committee Chair Chock: Councilmember Hooser.
Councilmember Hooser: I am not going to support this as it is
written. I think it needs to be amended, it needs to be discussed more, and we need
more information. I believe that there are unintended consequences and that there
are still many unknowns which are significant. It has been characterized as
helping local people, and Councilmember Yukimura's amendment would do that.
Regular people who want to join two (2) houses together in the most efficient
manner could do it, and that is what was proposed up to twelve (12) units. Regular
people do not even do twelve (12) units. Regular people might add a second unit
onto their home. Local people would add a second unit perhaps a third or fourth
unit if they had a big lot. Councilmember Yukimura's amendment fully supports
local people, local residents, people building homes affordably on their own lots.
What is really the problem is not people building affordable, it is developers and
large landowners and what they are going to do with it. Councilmember
Yukimura's amendment preserves the affordability factor and makes it highly more
likely that these would be affordable. There is no requirements for affordability in
the Bill. We like to bandy that word around and everybody talks about we need
more affordable housing, and we do, but developers are going to build to the market.
Developers are going to look at a piece of land and they are going to build so they
can make the most money they possibly can, and they will either choose single-
family homes or multi-family homes to make the most money that they can. That is
what developers do. To kid ourselves and think that we are going to have
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 39 OCTOBER 26, 2016
developers running around saying, "Oh, let us build more affordable units here," no.
They are going to build to the market and they are going to charge as high of a price
as they can. That is the way the market works and we should understand that.
There are no assurances. We could put provisions in here to increase the likelihood
of affordable housing and the likelihood of them being for local residents. I think we
should have that conversation to do it, otherwise it is a possible windfall to large
landowners and to developers who just want to maximize their profits with no
assurances for local people or local residents. It is like local people and local
residents are being used as a guise to make it easier to develop and make money for
larger developers and larger landowners. There are many unintended
consequences. I think we need many more answers to our questions to further
support the likelihood that these would be, in fact, affordable units that are built for
local people and local residents. Thank you.
Committee Chair Chock: Does anyone else have any further
comments? First of all, I just want to thank Councilmember Yukimura for the
amendment. I think the questions that she is trying to answer are important
questions on form and character. While the process is painful and often meanders,
I think that it is still .worth us having the discussion. How do we mitigate any of
the concerns that it might have? I think that, in general, everyone is very
supportive of what the potential might be for additional housing on the island, let
alone affordable. Let us just talk about the need for housing. I see this Bill
similarly as Vice Chair Kagawa has mentioned to the ARU Bill in the sense that it
tries to accomplish that. For those reasons, I will be supporting this. I was and am
still supportive of continuing to work on this. I would have supported a deferral to
try and answer or address some of the questions. Short of a few of the words here,
which were minor in the amendment, I would have probably supported it as well.
Although I think that if we can get more information from our Planning
Department on if there are any red hot spots that we need to be looking at and then
looking at how we address those. It is not too late. I think the question about how
we want our TVRs in the VDA to look is the question. This is where this body is
today, so because of it and we do not have the support to continue to work on it, I
will not let something that is good go to the wayside. I think this is still a good Bill
and I will be supporting it.
Council Chair Rapozo: Just process wise, next week's Council
Meeting agenda is pretty heavy. It sounds like there may be some potential
amendments coming up, so just to let you know, if there is going to be...and a
deferral would have taken us to an extra week. If it is going to be another
intensive session, then I would suggest that if it cannot be handled within half an
hour or so, that we would look at referring it back to the Committee. But hopefully
we can get some amendments that everybody agrees on next week and we can get it
out at the full Council.
Committee Chair Chock: Thank you, Council Chair Rapozo. I think at
least from my perspective, the need to really vet this thoroughly with Ka'aina on
any amendments prior to coming here is what I would like to request to happen and
get us to it quickly. Councilmember Yukimura.
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 40 OCTOBER 26, 2016
Councilmember Yukimura: I think we would be really better off if we
could refer it back to Committee and work on it.
Committee Chair Chock: Okay.
Councilmember Yukimura: I have already asked Yvette to work on
another amendment based on the input from today.
Councilmember Kagawa: May I ask a question?
Committee Chair Chock: Yes.
Councilmember Kagawa: What is your amendment planning to do?
Councilmember Yukimura: It would take out the reference to form-based
code; it would remove the "NA;" and it would designate a Class IV Zoning Permit for
developments that are over twelve (12) or we could set it wherever we want to in
R-1, R-4, and R-6 districts.
Councilmember Kagawa: So we are still at the twelve (12) number?
Councilmember Yukimura: No. I have always said from the outset that
we can change that number. I just has to set a number. We can do it at twelve (12),
fifteen (15), twenty (20), or thirty (30).
•
Councilmember Kagawa: Okay. Alright.
Committee Chair Chock: This is what I would like to do, and as I said
before, I am supportive of moving in that direction. I want it properly vetted ahead
of time, so if we need more time, we can still refer back to the Committee if that is
how we want to accomplish it.
Councilmember Kagawa: I will support that. I think with next week's
agenda being very long, even if we project it not taking long, it will. I can sense
some arguments about what the number should be. I think we should just keep this
Bill in Committee if we are going to go that far.
Committee Chair Chock: What is the motion then?
Councilmember Hooser moved to defer Bill No. 2634.
Committee Chair Chock: A deferral would take us to the next
Committee Meeting.
Councilmember Kagawa seconded the motion to defer Bill No. 2634.
Council Chair Rapozo: When is that? November 8th or 9th?
Committee Chair Chock: There is no meeting then.
PL COMMITTEE MEETING 41 OCTOBER 26, 2016
Council Chair Rapozo: Oh. When is it?
Committee Chair Chock: December 7th.
Council Chair Rapozo: December 7th.
Committee Chair Chock: We will have plenty time to vet the Bill.
The motion to defer Bill No. 2634 was then put, and unanimously carried.
Committee Chair Chock: The motion to defer passes. This concludes
the business of the Planning Committee.
There being no further business, the meeting was adjourned at 10:34 a.m.
Resppectfullyy submitted,
Allison S. Arakaki
Council Services Assistant I
APPROVED at the Committee Meeting held on December 7, 2016:
m OCK, PL Committee
Attachment 1
(October 26, 2016)
FLOOR AMENDMENT
Bill No. 2634, A Bill For An Ordinance To Amend Chapter 8, Kauai County
Code 1987, As Amended, To Allow Multiple Family Dwelling Units In All
Residential Zoning Districts (Kaua`i County Council, Applicant)
Introduced By: GARY L. HOOSER (by request)
1. Amend Bill No. 2634, SECTION 1, to read as follows:
"SECTION 1. Findings and Purpose. The Council of the County
of Kauai finds that there is a shortage of primary dwelling units in the current
housing inventory stock for Kauai.
Currently the Comprehensive Zoning Ordinance prohibits the construction of
multiple family dwelling units in the Residential Zoning Districts (R -1 through R -6)
without a Use Permit. The Use Permit process serves as a deterrent to the
construction of multiple family dwelling units.
Through economies of scale, multiple family dwelling units allow for reduced
construction cost to density ratios. Additionally, through denser development
patterns, multiple family dwelling units provide for a more efficient use of County
and State infrastructure.
The primary market for multiple family dwelling units within the residential
zoning districts is the local and workforce population, in particular new home buyer
families and the elderly population.
To more efficiently provide for Kauai's housing needs, the County of Kauai
should facilitate the construction and development of multiple family dwellings in
all residential zoning districts
The purpose of this ordinance is to allow for the construction of multiple
family dwelling units in all residential zoning districts."
2. Amend Bill No. 2634, SECTION 2, to read as follows:
"SECTION 2. Chapter 8 of the Kauai County Code 1987, as
amended, is hereby amended by amending Table 8 -2.4 Table of Uses, Sections
8- 2.4(a)(1) through 8- 2.4(f)(19), to read as follows:
"Table 8 -2.4 Table of Uses
1
ZONING DISTRICT
Residential
Commercial
Industrial
Sec.
USE
R -1 to
R -10 to
R -6
R -20
RR
CN
CG
IL
IG
AG
O
8- 2.4(a)(1)
Single family detached dwellings
P
P
8- 2.4(a)(2)
Accessory structures and uses,
P
P
including one (1) guest house on
a lot or parcel 9,000 square feet
or lar er
[8- 2.4(a)(3)]
[Two (2) multiple family
[P]
[P]
dwelling units or two (2) single
family attached dwelling units
upon a parcel of record as of
June 30, 1980
[8- 2.4(a)[(4)]
[Notwithstanding subsection (3)
[P]
[P]
above, multiple family and
1
Attachment 1
ZONING DISTRICT
Residential
Commercial
Industrial
Sec.
USE
-
R -1 to
R -10 to
R -6
R -20
RR
CN
CG
IL
IG
AG
O
single family attached dwellings
developed pursuant to a Federal,
State or County housing
program]
[8- 2.4(b)]
Multiple family and single
NA
P
8-2.4(b)(1)
family attached dwellings [are
permitted in districts R -10 and
R -20 in addition to those types of
residential uses and structures
permitted under Subsection (a)
above
8- 2.4(b)(2)
Multiple family and single
P
NA
family attached dwellings where
form based codes have been
adopted as part of the
community plan or the project
does not exceed twelve 0 2)
units in R -1 to R -6 zoning
8- 2.4(c)
Public and private parks and
P
P
home businesses are permitted in
all districts
8- 2.4(d)
Adult family boarding and
P
P
family care homes that comply
with all State Department of
Social Services and Housing and
State Department of Health
rules, regulations and
requirements provided, however,
that the Planning Director may
require a use permit for such
applications that may create
adverse impacts to the health,
safety, morals, convenience and
welfare of the neighborhood or
community that the proposed use
is located
8- 2.4(e)
Transient vacation rentals,
P
P
provided they are located within
the designated Visitor
Destination Areas established
pursuant to Article 17 of this
Chapter. These uses are
prohibited in non -VDA areas
8- 2.4(f)(1)
Botanical and zoological gardens
U
U
8- 2.4(f)(2)
Cemeteries, mortuaries and
U
U
crematoriums
8- 2.4(f)(3)
Churches, temples, and
U
U
monasteries
8- 2.4(f)(4)
Clubs, lodges and community
U
U
centers
8- 2.4(f)(5)
Diversified and specialized
U
U
a riculture and nurseries
8- 2.4(f)(6)
Dormitories, guest and boarding
U
U
houses; but not hotels and motels
8-2.4(f)(7)
Golf courses
U
U
8-2.4(f)(8)
Medical and na-sing facilities
U
U
8- 2.4(f)(9)
Museums, libraries and public
U
U
services and facilities
8- 2.4(f)(10)
Private and public utilities and
U
U
r _�
• Attachment 1
ZONING DISTRICT
Sec. USE Residential Commercial Industrial
R-1 to R-10 to
R-6 R-20 RR CN CC IL 1G AG 0
facilities,other than maintenance
and storage of equipment,
materials,and vehicles
8-2.4(0(11) Project developments in U U
accordance with Article 10 of
this Chapter _
8-2.4(0(12) Retail shops and stores
8-2.4(0(13) School and day care centers U U
8-2.4(0(14) Transportation terminals and U U
docks
[8-2.4(0(15)] [Three(3)or more multiple [U] [P]
family dwelling units upon a
parcel of record as of June 30,
1980,in the R-1,R-2,R-4,or the
R-6 District]
[8-2.4(0(16)] [Three(3)or more single family [U] [P]
attached dwelling units upon a
parcel of record as of June 30,
1980,in the R-I,R-2,R-4 or the
R-6 Districtl
8- Residential care homes U U
2.4(01(17) 15
8- Adult family group living home U U
2.4(0[(18)116
8- Any other use or structure which U U
2.4(0[(19)]17 the Planning Director finds to be
similar in nature to those listed in
this Section and appropriate to
the District"
KEY: U= Use Permit Required
P= Permitted Use or Structure (Zoning Permit may be required)
NA= Not Applicable"
(Material to be deleted is bracketed. New material is underscored.)
V:\AMENDMENTS\2016\2016-524.1 Amendment 1 Bill No 2634 Multiple Family Dwellings GH_YS_mn.doc
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